ZX81+35 Clone

Discussions about Sinclair ZX80 and ZX81 Hardware
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mahjongg
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Re: ZX81 Clone

Post by mahjongg »

An example of a possible expansion board.
This is a picture of how I envision how a typical expansion board for the ZX81+35 would look like.
This one contains a ZON-X81 compatible PSG, which also adds some I/O, with which it becomes possible to connect a µSD-card holder.
Also shown is how the expansion board can be used to create a standard ZX81 edge connector.

Image
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mahjongg
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Re: ZX81 Clone

Post by mahjongg »

saving a program works, that is after I disabled the AGC (automatic gain control) function of the microphone input of my laptop.
Looking at the waveform of the recording I pondered long and hard if I wanted to change something about the components in my "save circuitry" but decided against it. Its not worth it. If you look t a dozen ZX80/81 clones and rebuilds, they all have different values for the four components used (two resistors, and two capacitors) and they all "work".

That said, the recording level is okay, but the signal is very asymmetrical (around the 0-volt axis) but not so much that inverting the signal will cause a problem, at least the recording loaded fine. If I had to change anything, I would make C6 smaller, this should make the signal more symmetrical, perhaps I should fire up LTSPICE to see if I can improve the signal, but for now it works sufficiently well!
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PokeMon
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Re: ZX81 Clone

Post by PokeMon »

You may change the capacitor but this won't change the middle level of the signal. It IS asymmetrical due to design from Sinclair (equal during 150us pulse but unequal in the 1300us pause period).
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mahjongg
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Re: ZX81 Clone

Post by mahjongg »

yes, thats completely true, although with capacitors as small as 47pf, as used in some (early) designs, (the ZX80) only the up and downing flanks from the square wave would make it through, and that seems to have been the intent all along, but a typical playback file of a ZX81 typically consist of a series of up and down going pulses, as like this recording of a ZX81 cassette signal:

Image

And with 100nF that actually does happen, but with very small values of the filter C it would not!

Image

for a hundred nanofarad the filter wave behaves as "Vout at High Frequencies" as in the picture above, but for 47 pF the filter would behave as "Vout at Low Frequencies", so which behavior is preferably? looking at the generated playback files, they look like the left picture. but the signal generated by my circuit looks like the right picture.

the signal from the left (47pF) would not suffer from asymmetries at all, as the signal already returns to zero after each flank, pauses in the burst are just pauses with no signal, with the signal at or near zero.

so the question is, which filter "works best" for reliable recording/playback, i'm not sure the jury is out yet on that....

for me, I think the middle picture would work best, then again if your detector would be a zero cross detector, it would be good if the signal would not be nearly zero as that would generated spurious output, unless you add some hysteresis. but for my detector it seems the right picture works best, so I'm hesitant to change anything.

as always your input in this is appreciated.

by the way, the few dozen programs, designed for an unexpanded) ZX81 until now all worked fine, with the sole exception of miner 49er, not sure why that is, possibly a loading error? will try other pseudo graphics programs from the same studio.

p.s. edited once, after reading it back and realizing I made a mistake.
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mahjongg
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Re: ZX81 Clone

Post by mahjongg »

an update:

about four weeks ago I was diagnosed with apnea, it seems that for several decades I lived without getting sufficient deep sleep because I got an apnea (breathing stop) 30 times each hour, each which (nearly) woke me up.

The diagnose meant that I could no longer drive a car. Which obviously hampered my hobby efforts, lately I again managed to visit my maker space my train and folding-bike, and rucksack and bring my laptop there.

And today I received my very own CPAP machine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuou ... y_pressure that will hopefully "cure" my apnea, so I hope I will find the energy to continue designing stuff, and in time will lift the no driving a car ban.

I have now started on an AY-3-8910 based sound module, and card edge adapter expansion board, for the ZX81+35, which hopefully will also enable a micro-SD card reader through its GPIO port.
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Paul
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Re: ZX81 Clone

Post by Paul »

Welcome to the club.
I guess there are more of us around here.
kind regards Paul
In theory, there is no difference between theory and practice. But, in practice, there is.
RWAP
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Re: ZX81 Clone

Post by RWAP »

Ah - another one - maybe it is the influence of years of retro computing....
I have had a CPAP machine for nearly 2 years, but alas I am still not fit to drive (or even ride a bike!) :o
Moggy
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Re: ZX81 Clone

Post by Moggy »

@ Mahjongg.

As a CPAP user for over 12 years diagnosed with mixed (central and obstructive) sleep apnoea, may I offer the following..

1) persevere with it. After the first night you will want to tear the damn mask off your face and never use it again, please stick with it you will get used to it.

2) After a time you should find that things like afternoon tiredness disappears and your general well-being should also improve.

3) As you probably may already have been told CPAP is thought to help with the prevention of certain cardio disorders and dementia.

4) Your sleep apnoea will not be cured only treated, especially in the case of central sleep apnoea which is a neurological disorder and to be honest a CPAP machine is useless for central apnoea.

5) whereabouts are you from? I only ask because in the UK at least, once your condition starts being treated then your drivers licence should be restored to you.



I wish you the all the best with it. :-)


On a lighter note, the AY unit sounds very promising I look forward to hearing of any progress.


@ RWAP

Why not fit for car driving?

If from a fitness point of view then ok I get it, but legally once diagnosed and under treatment the DVLA should issue you a letter saying your licence is restored and you're ok to drive.
Last edited by Moggy on Wed May 04, 2016 2:09 pm, edited 4 times in total.
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RWAP
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Re: ZX81 Clone

Post by RWAP »

Yes I will hopefully be able to get my licence back at some stage - but at the moment, I still struggle to concentrate due to constant fatigue!
Moggy
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Re: ZX81 Clone

Post by Moggy »

RWAP wrote:Yes I will hopefully be able to get my licence back at some stage - but at the moment, I still struggle to concentrate due to constant fatigue!

I totally understand Rich, I know how you feel and wish you all the best with it buddy. :D
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